Advaita Vedanta stands as a profound school of thought within Hinduism, delving into the ancient philosophical insights found in the Upanishads. Derived from the Sanskrit term ‘Advaita,’ meaning non-duality, this perspective offers a unique understanding of the relationship between atman (the universal soul) and Brahman (the absolute reality).

Foundations and Beliefs

Central to Advaita Vedanta is the belief in non-duality between atman and Brahman. It posits that the perceived world is illusory, and the true reality lies in recognizing the oneness of Brahman, which underlies all apparent differences. This recognition becomes pivotal for liberation from suffering, shedding light on the transient nature of our perceptions and the eternal nature of Brahman.

Philosophical Underpinnings

The philosophy draws its essence from the Upanishads, the Brahma Sutras, and the Bhagavad Gita. Shankara, credited with systematizing Advaita, elucidated the non-dualistic doctrine. Gaudapada’s early articulation of non-duality, expanded upon by Govinda, also forms the foundational framework. Scholars trace its lineage back to Badarayana, the creator of the Brahma Sutras.

Key Tenets Explored

Advaita Vedanta emphasizes that the illusory nature of the world, known as maya, emanates from Brahman. It asserts that mistaking the finite world for reality perpetuates this illusion. The eternal and infinite nature of the world serves as the precondition for individual existence, emphasizing that the world is not separate from individuals but emerges from Brahman.

Noteworthy Figures

Shankara, an eminent figure in Advaita Vedanta from the 8th century CE, holds significant stature in its development. Neo-Advaita, a contemporary stream, counts influential figures like Swami Vivekananda and Ramana Maharshi, who have brought Advaita Vedanta to a wider audience.

Understanding the Concept of God

In Advaita Vedanta, Ishvara represents an articulation of Brahman. The conception of God, referred to as Ishvara, dissolves any perceived differences between individuals and the creative principle of the world. However, this notion of God is considered an illusory and limited understanding within the broader perspective of non-duality.

Neo-Advaita Influence and Legacy

Ramana Maharshi’s teachings resonate within the Neo-Advaita school, contributing significantly to the popularization of Advaita Vedanta in the Western world. His insights and approach continue to inspire seekers on the path of self-realization and non-duality.

Conclusion

Advaita Vedanta’s exploration of non-duality, rooted in the ancient wisdom of the Upanishads, offers a profound perspective on the nature of reality, individual existence, and the divine. Its teachings, bridging the gap between the individual soul and the ultimate reality, continue to intrigue, inspire, and guide seekers on a transformative journey towards self-realization and liberation.